Prevalence Of Risky Sexual Behavior Research Articles

Prevalence and Predictors of Risky Sexual Behavior in HIV-Infected Adolescents: A Study from Kaduna, Nigeria

Background: The prevalence of risky sexual behavior among HIV-infected adolescents is a public health challenge, especially in regions with a high HIV burden like Sub-Saharan Africa. This study explores the prevalence and predictors of such behaviors among adolescents receiving care in a youth-friendly clinic in Kaduna, Nigeria. Methods: In a cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary hospital's youth-friendly clinic, we analyzed data from 200 HIV-infected adolescents aged 13 to 19 years. The revised Risky Sexual Behaviour Questionnaire (RSBQ) provided comprehensive data, which was subjected to logistic regression analysis to identify significant predictors of risky sexual behaviors. Results: The study found a 45% prevalence of risky sexual behaviors among participants. Logistic regression analysis indicated significant predictors including male gender (OR = 2.1), lower education level (OR = 2.5), and poor HIV-related knowledge (OR = 2.8). Conclusions: Nearly half of the HIV-infected adolescents engaged in risky sexual practices, with significant predictors identified across gender, education, and HIV knowledge domains. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted educational and behavioral interventions tailored to this vulnerable population.

Prevalence of risky sexual behavior and associated factors among Injibara University students, Northwest Ethiopia.

Engaging in risky sexual behaviors can lead to HIV infection, sexually transmitted infections, and unintended pregnancy among youths. University students had greater sexual risks for many reasons. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and associated factors of risky sexual behaviors among regular undergraduate students at Injibara University, Northwest Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Injibara University from 20 January to 30 2020. Multistage sampling was employed to select 770 students. Data were collected using a semistructured self-administered questionnaire. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with risky sexual behavior. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% CIs were determined, and variables with P-values <0.05 were considered significant. A total of 770 students participated in the study, providing a response rate of 100%. In this study, 294 (38%, 95% CI: 35%, 42%) students engaged in risky sexual behaviors. Risky sexual behavior was significantly associated with not tested for HIV (AOR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.15-2.31), peer pressure (AOR = 1.90, CI: 1.37-2.64), basic HIV knowledge (AOR = 2.16, CI: 1.65-2.89), substance use (AOR = 3.56, CI: 2.11-6.06), watching pornography videos (AOR = 1.58, CI: 1.11-2.23), and HIV risk perception (AOR = 1.37, CI: 1.02-1.91). A substantial proportion of university students in this study engaged in unsafe sexual behavior. Risky sexual behaviors are more likely to occur when students are under peer pressure, use substances, have no perceived HIV risk, watch pornography, and have inadequate basic HIV knowledge. Therefore, tailored strategic interventions such as life skill training should be designed to bring about positive behavioral changes among university students.

Risky Sexual Behavior among People Living with HIV in Brazzaville: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) infection is still a global health challenge, better still a societal problem. Antiretroviral therapies have improved the quality of life of people living with HIV, making them potential subjects of transmission in the event of risky behavior. Objectives: To describe the socio-demographic characteristics of the study population, to determine the prevalence of risky sexual behavior, to identify the factors associated with risky sexual behavior in Brazzaville. Methods: A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was carried out between March and September 2022 in the care centers for PLHIV in Brazzaville. PLHIV receiving ART for at least six months who agreed to participate in the study were included. The socio-demographic characteristics, those relating to the disease, behaviour, psychosocial and those related to the desire for procreation were the variables studied. The statistical test used was Pearson's or FISHER's Chi2 and the odds ratio with adjustment. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: On these criteria, 1002 people living with HIV/ART were interviewed. They had an average age of 38.89 ± 9.45 years, a secondary education level n=688 (64.74%), an average socioeconomic level n=774 (77.24%). The prevalence of risky sexual behavior is 78.04%. Female sex (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.02-2.97), lack of pre-test counseling (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.17- 5.52), lack of knowledge modes of transmission (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.21-3.34), occasional partners (OR 1.89, 95% CI 0.84-2.12), alcohol consumption before sexual relations (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.09-2.87), non-disclosure of serological status (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.07-2.22) and ignorance of the serological status of the Partner(s) (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.40-4.22) were associated with risky sexual behavior. Conclusion: The high prevalence of risky sexual behaviors and the importance of the associated factors identified require that positive prevention programs be strengthened while emphasizing enhanced communication for the development of a global approach to care for PLHIV by integrating sexual health.

Change of sexual behavior among men who have sex with men before, during and after COVID-19 pandemic in China: a cross-sectional study

IntroductionThe COVID-19 epidemic control and prevention strategies affected people’s sexual activities and behaviors. Little was known about long-term effects of COVID-19 prevention and control strategies on sexual behaviors among men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to examine changes in risky sexual behaviors of MSM before and after the local epidemic.MethodsAn online survey was conducted nationwide from June 1 to June 10, 2022. MSM aged 16 years and above, residing in China were recruited through convenience sampling. A generalized estimating equation model with modified Poisson regression was used to analyze changes in multiple sexual partners, unprotected sex, mobility for sexual activity, and recreational substance use before and after the local epidemic.ResultsCompared to the pre-pandemic (36.5%), the prevalence of multiple sexual partners (11.5%) significantly decreased during the local epidemic and then increased after the local epidemic (25.2%) but remained lower than pre-pandemic, as did the prevalence of unprotected sex (31.1%, 19.4%, and 26.1%), mobility for sexual activity (7.5%, 2.8%, and 4.1%) and recreational substance use (47.7%, 27.2%, and 39.5%). Compared to the pre-pandemic, higher declines in the prevalence of risky sexual behaviors during the local epidemic existed among MSM living without a regular partner (44% decrease in unprotected sex and 46% in recreational substance use), with a bachelor’s degree and above (70% decrease in multiple sex partners, 39% in unprotected sex, 67% in mobility for sexual activity and 44% in recreational substance use), higher incomes (70% decrease in multiple sex partners), self-identified gay or bisexual/unsure (38-71%), and HIV infection (49-83% decrease respectively in these four indicators). After the local epidemic, the declines in the above indicators compared to the pre-pandemic were correspondingly. And higher declines existed among MSM living without a regular partner (8% decrease in unprotected sex and 13% in recreational substance use), with a bachelor’s degree and above (33% decrease in multiple sex partners), higher incomes (55% decrease in mobility for sexual activity), self-identified gay (51% decrease in mobility for sexual activity), and HIV infection (32%, 68%, 24% decrease respectively in unprotected sex, mobility for sexual activity and recreational substance use).ConclusionsRisky sexual behaviors reduced considerably during the local epidemic, then seemed rebounded after the outbreak but wouldn’t return to pre-pandemic levels. More attention should be paid to vulnerable people with lower socio-economic status, HIV-positive, and sexual minorities for sustained HIV and COVID-19 prevention.

From Exploits to Remedy: Sexual Behaviour and Utilisation of Reproductive Health Services among In-School Adolescents in a South-Western Nigerian Town

Background: Adolescents are often involved in risky sexual behaviour. It has been reported that most male adolescents have multiple  sexual partners, and most female adolescents use condoms inconsistently. This study assessed sexual behaviour, information sources on  Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH), knowledge of SRH, and utilization of RH services among senior secondary school students in Ile- Ife, Nigeria.&#x0D; Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 424 students randomly selected from six public secondary schools in Ile-Ife. The  instrument was a pretested, self-administered questionnaire. The median score was used to categorise SRH knowledge into good and  poor. Respondents who did not use condoms consistently, or had multiple sexual partners, or engaged in transactional sex were  categorized as having engaged in risky sexual behaviour. Respondents who sought any RH service in a health facility were categorized as  having utilized SRH services. ChiSquare was used for associations between categorical variables, while binary logistic regression was used  to test for the predictors of utilization of SRH services.&#x0D; Results: Over a quarter (26.9%) of the respondents had experienced a sexual debut, with 52.6% doing so before 14 years. Teachers were  the most reported information source on pubertal changes (65.1%) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (71.7%). About 60.8% of  respondents had good knowledge of SRH; 55.3% of respondents had multiple sexual partners and 55.9% of respondents had utilized RH  services.&#x0D; Conclusion: A good proportion of the respondents had good SRH knowledge; however, the prevalence of risky sexual behaviour was  high. Adolescents need adequate SRH education and promotion. 

SEXUAL BEHAVIOR DETERMINANT FACTOR IN ADOLESCENTS IN KEBAYORAN LAMA SELATAN VILLAGE IN 2020

Future threats are posed by the high prevalence of risky sexual behavior in adolescents. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors influencing sexual behavior among adolescents in Kelurahan Kebayoran Lama Selatan in 2020. The research study design used a cross-sectional with a total sample of 194 respondents. The sampling technique was snowball sampling and the analysis used was descriptive. It shows that half of all adolescents have risky behavior, namely 165 people (85.1%), but a quarter of them have non-risk behavior (14.9%). The distribution of majority of respondents has peer influence 25.3%, more information sources in watching pornography on friends 43.3%, internet mass media that is often seen 36.6%, the frequency of pornography in the category is sometimes 39.7%, partner pornography when alone 24.2% and their lover/girlfriend 17.5%, the reasons for watching pornography were 28.4% of curiosity and 16.0% of sexual desire, and the role of good parents in educating children 95.4%. Sexual behavior in adolescents in Kebayoran Lama Selatan Village shows that there are still many teenagers who engage in risky sexual behavior. This research is expected to facilitate the needs of adolescents so that they can channel their energy and make good use of their free time.

Prevalence and Trends of Sexual Behaviors Among Young Adolescents Aged 12 Years to 15 Years in Low and Middle-Income Countries: Population-Based Study.

Risky sexual behaviors remain significant public health challenges among adolescents. Nearly 90% of adolescents live in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), but few studies have used standardized methodology to monitor the prevalence and trends of sexual behaviors among adolescents in LMICs. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of sexual behaviors (ever had sexual intercourse, multiple sexual partners, and condom use) among adolescents aged 12 years to 15 years as well as the trends in prevalence between 2003 and 2017. For this population-based study, we used recent data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey conducted in 69 LMICs from 2003 to 2017 to assess the recent prevalence of sexual behaviors by using complex analysis and a random effects meta-analyses method. Using the chi-square trend test, we also assessed the trends in the prevalence of sexual behaviors in 17 countries that had conducted ≥1 round of surveys from 2003 to 2017. We included 145,277 adolescents aged 12 years to 15 years (64,719/145,277, 44.5% boys) from the 69 LMICs that had conducted ≥1 survey and 80,646 adolescents aged 12 years to 15 years (34,725/80,646, 43.1% boys) from the 17 LMICs that had conducted ≥1 round of surveys. The recent global prevalence of ever had sexual intercourse was 6.9% (95% CI 6.2%-7.6%) and was higher among boys (10.0%, 95% CI 9.1%-11.1%) than girls (4.2%, 95% CI 3.7%-4.7%) and among those aged 14 years to 15 years (8.5%, 95% CI 7.7%-9.3%) than those aged 12 years to 13 years (4%, 95% CI 3.4%-4.7%). Among adolescents who had ever had sex, the recent global prevalence of having multiple sexual partners was 52% (95% CI 50.4%-53.6%) and was higher among boys (58%, 95% CI 56.1%-59.9%) than girls (41.4%, 95% CI 38.9%-43.9%) and among those aged 14 years to 15 years (53.5%, 95% CI 51.6%-55.4%) than those aged 12 years to 13 years (49.7%, 95% CI 45.9%-53.5%). Among adolescents who had ever had sex, the recent global prevalence of condom use was 58.1% (95% CI 56.2%-59.9%) and was higher among girls (59.2%, 95% CI 56.4%-61.9%) than boys (57.7%, 95% CI 55.7%-59.7%) and among those aged 14 years to 15 years (59.9%, 95% CI 58.0%-61.8%) than those aged 12 years to 13 years (51.6%, 95% CI 47.5%-55.7%). Between the earliest and latest surveys, the overall prevalence of ever had sexual intercourse (3.1% decrease) and condom use (2.0% decrease) showed downward trends. The overall prevalence of having multiple sexual partners increased by 2.6%. We provide evidence and important implication for policymakers to develop targeted policy support systems to prevent and reduce risky sexual behaviors among young adolescents in LMICs with a high prevalence of risky sexual behaviors.

Risky Sexual Behaviour among HIV-Infected Adults in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Risky sexual behaviour raises serious public health concerns. The pooled prevalence of risky sexual behaviours among adults living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa was unknown. This systematic review determined the pooled prevalence of risky sexual behaviours and associated factors among HIV-infected adults in sub-Saharan Africa. International databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and African Journals OnLine were systematically searched to identify articles. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline was used to conduct the review. All necessary data were extracted independently. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed by I-squared statistics and Egger's test, respectively. The random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence. The association between predictors and dependent variable was determined by a pooled odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). In this study, 3713 articles were retrieved from various databases, and 22 of them were included. The pooled prevalence of risky sexual behaviour in sub-Saharan Africa was 36.16% (95% CI: 28.36-44.34) with significant heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 98.86%, p < 0.001). Risky sexual behaviour was significantly associated with the nondisclosure of HIV status (AOR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.18, 2.76) and alcohol consumption (AOR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.21, 3.36). A significant percentage of participants engaged in risky sexual behaviour. Risky sexual behaviour was associated with failure to disclose HIV status and alcohol consumption. Healthcare professionals should advise HIV-positive patients on risk reduction measures like disclosing their HIV status to their sexual partners and avoiding alcohol use in order to promote consistent condom use. PROSPERO Protocol Registration. The protocol for this systematic review and meta-analysis has been registered (record ID: CRD42020170967, 09/06/2022).

Association between educational attainment and risky sexual behaviour among Ghanaian female youth.

Ghanaian female youth aged 15-24 years are especially vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) compared to their male counterparts. This study examined the association between educational attainment and risky sexual behavior among Ghanaian female youth. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a nationally representative sample of youth from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (n=1702). The outcome of interest was risky sexual behavior, defined as having last intercourse with a non-marital partner without condoms. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests were utilized. Overall, the prevalence of risky sexual behavior was 66.9%. In the bivariate analysis, risky sexual behavior differed by level of education. Compared to women with a college-level education, a significantly higher proportion of women with secondary education reported risky sexual behavior (72.9%), followed by those with primary education (65.7%) (p<0.001). In the multivariable-adjusted model, there was a significant interaction between education and household wealth index (P =0.030) and between education and the type of place of residence (P =0.045) on risky sexual behavior. Culturally appropriate and targeted interventions are warranted to increase condom use among these subgroups and curb the rising rates of STIs among Ghanaian female youth.

High prevalence of risky sexual behaviour among key populations receiving antiretroviral therapy at a large HIV clinic in northern Uganda.

Risky sexual behaviour (RSB) among key populations pose a significant risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but remains understudied. We assessed the prevalence and factors associated with RSB among key populations living with HIV (KPLHIV) in the post-conflict region of northern Uganda. We designed a cross-sectional study using secondary data, with the outcome as RSB defined as having multiple sexual partners, or condomless sex in the past 3 months, or sexual intercourse with a commercial sex worker in the past 3 months, or sexual intercourse under the influence of substance use in the past 3 months. We used modified Poisson regression to determine factors associated with RSB, reported as adjusted risk ratio (aRR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). We studied 165 participants and 122 (73.9%) reported RSB and this was more likely among heterosexual females (aRR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.54-3.71), the married (aRR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.42-2.49) or separated participants (aRR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.21-1.79), and transgender persons (aRR, 3.71; 95% CI, 2.05-6.71). RSB is highly prevalent among KPLHIV in northern Uganda so they should be targeted with HIV prevention and behavioural interventions to prevent potential HIV transmission to the general population.

Abstract 4179: Anal cancer risk factors and utilization of cancer preventive strategies in people living with HIV in Puerto Rico

Abstract Introduction: Anal cancer (AC) risk is greatly elevated among persons living with HIV (PLWH), particularly men who have sex with men (MSM). The incidence of anal cancer among PLWH in Puerto Rico is 60.5 per 100,000 in MSM. Smoking and sexual behaviors may enhance anal cancer risk among PLWH. Therefore, we describe the prevalence of risk factors for AC, overall and by sexual risk group (MSM, women, and men who have sex with women [MSW]). We also evaluated receipt of cancer preventive strategies: HPV vaccination and AC screening, among a sample of PLWH in Puerto Rico. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted (Sept 2020 - Dec 2021) among PLWH ≥26 aged in Puerto Rico (n=212). Participants answered a phone interview that collected information on relevant characteristics. AC risk factors evaluated were current smoking, age of sexual initiation (≤15 years), lifetime anal sex, 10 or more lifetime sexual partners, history of AIDS, genital warts, and HPV infection. HPV vaccination and AC screening status were also evaluated. The overall and sexual risk group specific prevalence of AC risk factors and preventive behaviors were described. In addition, the prevalence ratio (PR) of the variables of interest, comparing the sexual risk groups, was estimated with 95% confidence intervals using Poisson regression. Results: Mean age of participants was 52.8 ± (SD=10.2); 44.1% were MSM, 23.2% were MSW, and 32.7% were women. Most PLWH had public health insurance (84.4%), an education level of high-school or less (45.7%), and 9.5% had a history of intravenous drug use. Regarding the prevalence of AC risk factors, 58.3% had 10 or more lifetime sex partners, 51% had their first sexual relationship at age ≤15 years, 29.3% were current smokers, and 75.8% of women had history of anal sex. In addition, 20.8% reported being diagnosed with AIDS, 16.5% had a history of genital warts, and 12.0% had HPV infection. Only 7.5% reported HPV vaccination and 52.2% reported ever having had an anal pap test. MSM had the highest prevalence of risky sexual behaviors, although no statistical difference was seen in the PRs. For preventive strategies, women (PR: 3.13, 95% CI 1.52-6.46) and MSM (PR: 3.42, 95% CI 1.70-6.90) had higher prevalence of anal pap uptake than MSW. Conclusion: Persons living with HIV in Puerto Rico had high prevalence of current smoking use and risky sexual behavior. Despite their increased risk of AC, and only over half had been screened for AC. Continued education and awareness about AC risk factors, smoking cessation, and importance of prevention strategies are important among PLWH. Citation Format: Sandra I. Garcia-Camacho, Jeslie M. Ramos-Cartagena, Marievelisse Soto-Salgado, Vivian Colon-Lopez, Karen J. Ortiz-Ortiz, Ashish A. Deshmukh, Ana P. Ortiz. Anal cancer risk factors and utilization of cancer preventive strategies in people living with HIV in Puerto Rico. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4179.

Condom Use Self-Efficacy Score and Risky Sexual Behavior among High School Students in Southern Ethiopia

There is emerging evidence of a rise in new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in Ethiopia. This may partly be explained by an increase in risky sexual behaviors among high school adolescents. The current study was conducted to explore the association between a set of predictor variables (comprehensive HIV knowledge and condom use self-efficacy score) and an outcome variable of risky sexual behavior among high school adolescents in the Angacha District of Southern Ethiopia. The study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design to answer the research question. Primary data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire from 374 participants using a stratified random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics and bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were computed using &lt;em&gt;SPSS Version 25&lt;/em&gt;. The prevalence of risky sexual behavior among school adolescents was 30.04/per 1000. The Cronbach’s Alpha for condom use self-efficacy score (CUSES) was 0.79. The association between HIV comprehensive knowledge and risky sexual behavior was not statistically significant. A statistically significant association was found between CUSES and the risky sexual behavior of the student, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.048, &lt;em&gt;OR&lt;/em&gt; =2.23, 95% CI [1.007, 4.925] when the covariates were held constant. The mean CUSES for males (&lt;em&gt;M&lt;/em&gt; = 3.44) was significantly higher than females (&lt;em&gt;M&lt;/em&gt; = 3.22), &lt;em&gt;U&lt;/em&gt; = 14523.5, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.025, &lt;em&gt;η&lt;/em&gt;2 = 0.016). Policy decisions to revitalize school-based adolescent sexual health promotion to empower adolescents with life skills are needed to sustain the gains of HIV/AIDS control and enhance social change in the country.

Supervisão dos pais e comportamento sexual entre adolescentes brasileiros

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the association between parental supervision and sexual behaviors among Brazilian adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study with data from 102,072 adolescents who responded to the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey. We estimated the prevalence of sexual behaviors (initiation, use of condoms, contraception, and number of partners). Parental supervision was evaluated using a score considering five indicators. We calculated prevalence ratios (PR) adjusted by age and sex in order to estimate the association between parental supervision score and sexual behaviors of adolescents. Results: Prevalence of risky sexual behavior for adolescents with minimum and maximum parental supervision were: sexual initiation (min.: 58.0%; max.: 20.1%), condom use in the last sexual intercourse (min.: 50.9%; max.: 80.2%), use of contraceptives (min.: 40.8; max.: 49.1%), and mean number of partners (min.: 3.25; max.: 2.88). Parental supervision was greater among girls. Those with higher supervision scores had higher prevalence of condom use in the first and last sexual intercourse and of contraceptive methods, and a smaller mean number of partners, even after adjustments for sex and age. Conclusion: The greater the parental supervision, the better the sexual behavior for both sexes, although supervision seems to occur differently between girls and boys. These findings point to the role of the family in providing adolescents with monitoring, along with dialogue and affection, conditions that encourage healthy and risk-free sexual behavior.

Individual and community-level determinates of risky sexual behaviors among sexually active unmarried men: A multilevel analysis of 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey.

BackgroundIn Ethiopia, HIV/AIDS continues to be a major public health problem mostly due to the high prevalence of risky sexual behaviors. However, research on risky sexual behavior and its determinants among unmarried men (never married, widowed, and divorced) who are highly vulnerable to risky sexual behavior was limited. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of risky sexual behavior and its determinants among non-married men using a nationally representative sample.MethodsThe analysis was done on 5680 sexually active unmarried men aged 15–59 years using data from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic Health Survey (EDHS). The main outcome variable was risky sexual behavior which defined as having at least one of the following: multiple sexual partners; initiation of sex before the age of 18 years; inconsistent condom use in the last 12 months; alcohol consumption at last sex. Multivariable generalized linear mixed-effects regression was employed to identify variables associated with risky sexual behavior.ResultThe overall magnitude of risky sexual behavior was 26.9% (95% CI; 25.7, 28.0). Currently employed (AOR = 2.49, 95% CI = 1.64–3.77), history of HIV testing (AOR = 2.51, 95% C = 1.95–3.23), drinking alcohol almost every day (AOR = 5.49, 95 CI = 2.73–11.02), and using Internet daily (AOR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.06–3.74) increase the odds of risky sexual behavior. Whereas, primary education (AOR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.32–0.61), secondary education level (AOR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.29–0.72) and a high proportion of community-level media exposure (AOR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.12–0.75) decrease the odds of risky sexual behavior.ConclusionIn general, a significant proportion of sexually active unmarried men in Ethiopia have practiced risky sexual behavior. An intervention should be designed which are against the factors found to increase the odds of risky sexual behavior to reduce the incidence of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.

Factor Structure of the Sexual Risk Survey Among U.S. College Students with and without ADHD: Assessing Clinical Utility with a High-Risk Population.

Young adults, particularly college students, report a higher prevalence of risky sexual behavior than the general population, increasing their likelihood for unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and negative psychological outcomes. Although sexual risk behavior and its consequences are a major public health concern, current prevention literature is insufficient and relies on sexual risk measures with limited psychometric support. The present study, therefore, examined the psychometric properties of a sexual risk survey (SRS; Turchik, Garske, in Arch Sex Behav 38:936-948, 2009), using data from the first year of a longitudinal study following the outcomes of college students with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; N = 410). Principal components analyses were conducted to assess the factorial structure of the SRS comparing results from a general college population and a college population considered to be high-risk (ADHD). Results revealed four components across both samples. Internal consistency estimates for component scores and total scores ranged from .627 to 918. Implications of the findings are discussed and suggestions for future studies are advanced.

Risky sexual practice and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS receiving antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundThe risky sexual behavior of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) may impose a risk of transmitting the disease to their partners and increase Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) co-infection. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of risky sexual behavior and associated factors among PLWHA receiving [Antiretroviral Therapy (ART)] in Ethiopia.MethodsTo identify both published and unpublished research articles, systematic searches were performed in PubMed, HINARI, Medline, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. The review was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Cross-sectional studies reporting the prevalence of risky sexual practice and its associated factors among PLWHA receiving ART in Ethiopia were included. Two authors independently extracted all necessary data using a standardized data extraction format prepared in Microsoft Excel and exported to STATA version 14 statistical software for further analyses. The Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 test were used to assess the heterogeneity of the studies. Since the included studies exhibited considerable heterogeneity, the random-effects meta-analysis model was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence of risky sexual practice which was determined by dividing the total number of PLWHA with risky sexual practice practices by the total number of PLWHA on ART in the study and multiplied by 100. Furthermore, pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was determined for the association between determinant factors and risky sexual practice.ResultIn this study, 2351 articles were identified from different databases, and fifteen articles were selected for final systematic review and meta-analysis. In Ethiopia, the pooled prevalence of risky sexual practices was 43.56% (95% confidence interval (CI):35.51, 51.62). Discussion about safe sex with sexual partner/s [AOR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.92] and having multiple sexual partners [AOR = 1.90, 95% CI: 0.53, 6.84] were factors significantly associated with risky sexual practice in Ethiopia.ConclusionA significant proportion of respondents engaged in risky sexual practices. Multiple sexual partners and a lack of discussion about safe sex are linked to a higher prevalence of the risky sexual practice in Ethiopia. It is critical to raise awareness about safe sexual practices during health education and counselling services and to encourage clients to freely discuss safer sex practices with their sexual partner/s at their antiretroviral therapy (ART) appointments as part of their follow-up care.Protocol registrationThe protocol for this systematic review and meta-analysis was registered at PROSPERO (record ID = CRD42021274600, 25 September 2021).

Factors associated with risky sexual behaviour among clients undertaking HIV testing and counselling services at a secondary referral hospital Lagos, Nigeria.

This study determined the prevalence of risky sexual behaviour and its associated factors among clients who accessed HIV counselling and testing services at a secondary referral hospital in Lagos, Nigeria. A retrospective review of clients' records was conducted. The Client Intake Form of people who accessed HIV counselling and testing services at Mainland Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria between July 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017, were reviewed. Multivariate analysis was conducted to determine the associated factors of risky sexual behaviour. A total of 4273 client's records were analyzed, 3884 (90.9%) reported having sex before HIV counselling and testing (HCT). The prevalence of risky sexual behaviour among clients was 41.5%. More males and HIV positive clients had unprotected sex with a casual partner three months before HIV counselling and testing (p < 0.05). More singles than the married had unprotected sex with casual partners (p <0.001) and multiple sexual partners (p =0.002). The prevalence of risky sexual behaviour reduced with advancing age. Being single and having an HIV infection were associated with risky sexual behaviour in this study. Age, marital status and HIV status were associated factors of risky sexual behaviour.

Risky sexual behavior and associated factors among secondary and above-education-level students in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Risky sexual behavior is defined as the behavior that increases the susceptibility of an individual to problems related to sexuality and reproductive health. The main aim of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence of risky sexual behavior and its associated factors in Ethiopia. Systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) rules were used. During the searching period, MEDLINE, PUBMED, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and CINAHL were used with search terms. The STATA form 14 program was utilized to perform the meta-analysis. I2 statistics was used to test heterogeneity, and publication bias was assessed using Begg's and Egger's tests. Odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was presented using forest plots. There were 24 studies, and 13,440 study participants were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of risky sexual behavior in Ethiopia was 40% (95% CI: 32%, 48%). The associated factors for risky sexual behavior were substance use [OR: 2.41 (95% CI: 1.49, 3.89)], watching pornography [OR: 2.59 (95% CI: 1.01, 6.69)], and night club visit, [OR: 2.53 (95% CI: 1.64, 3.90)]. Risky sexual behavior among secondary school and above-education-level Ethiopian students was high.

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Risky Sexual Behaviors among Patients with Severe Mental Illness in Uganda: A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study

Background: Persons living with severe mental illness (SMI) which includes schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder and recurrent major depressive disorder are predisposed to risky sexual behavior (RSB). There is a paucity of data on this problem in sub-Saharan Africa and where research has been undertaken, only a limited range of risk factors have been considered and most of it was undertaken before antiretroviral therapy was universally available, hence the need for this study. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with risky sexual behavior among individuals with SMI attending care in central and south western Uganda. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 393 persons with SMI attending two psychiatric out-patient facilities in Uganda. Psychiatric disorder was confirmed using MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview version 7.2. RSB was defined as engaging in at least one of four risky sexual behaviours that have been associated with HIV infection in the Ugandan psychosocial environment in the last three months using an 8 item RSB questionnaire used for assessment of RSB. Prevalence of RSB and associated correlates were determined using multiple logistic regression. Results: The Prevalence of RSB in last 3 months’ periods was 24.2% (95% CI: 20.2% - 28.7%). The factors that were independently significantly associated with RSB were: trauma related (history of childhood trauma, past and current sexual abuse, past and current physical abuse) current psychosocial challenges (mental health stigma) and psychiatric illness factors (history of a past manic episode, current psychotic episode, severity of depressive symptoms and severity of manic symptoms). Conclusions: One quarter of clinic attending respondents with severe mental illness in Uganda practice risky sexual behaviour. Factors associated with risky sexual behaviour fall under the domains of past and present trauma, current psychosocial challenges and psychiatric illness factors. This calls for a multi-sectoral approach that includes community awareness about the nature of SMI and the rights of persons with SMI and measures to improve Psychiatric symptom management.

Predictors of risky sexual behavior among students aged 15 to 24 years in the Suhum municipality, Eastern region of Ghana

Background Sexual behavior among youths has been a focus of health programmes worldwide. Risky sexual behaviors among youth in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) predispose them to HIV infection. The current study determined the predictors of risky sexual behavior among students aged 15–24 years in the Suhum Municipality, Ghana guided by the Health Belief Model (HBM). Methods The study employed a cross-sectional design, collecting data using a structured pretested questionnaire and analyzing them using SPSS version 20 software program at the level 0.05. Results The overall prevalence of risky sexual behavior was 59.1% among the participants. None of the constructs of the HBM was statistically associated with risky sexual behavior. However, participants who perceived that they were at risk of contracting HIV and who perceived HIV/AIDS to have severe consequences were more likely to practice safe sexual behavior. Conclusion Health promotion programmes should aim at increasing youths’ perception of the threat posed by HIV/AIDS.